The present paper is to examine European rollover standard (ECE66) on O457 bus, using computer simulation method. Due to the huge size of the analyzed structure and unavailability of supercomputers and also according to the rollover regulation, the equivalent method, i.e., body section rollover test is selected. Also, because of impossibility of real test, the simulation results have been qualitatively compared with the existing experimental results. The extracted results show that deformation occurs mainly in the pillar-to-floor and pillar-to-roof joints, while the roof and chassis have small deformations. As the deformations in the body were greater than the standard level and the bus failed the test, suggestions were made to increase the body strength. The suggestions are based on the available capabilities and limitations of the production process.

Hypothesis: Surface and Structural modification of membranes in order to improve their filtration properties have been one of the vast research areas in the field of membranes in recent years. Nanomaterials are most widely used for modifying the surface and structure of the membranes. In this study, carboxylic acid and sulfate functional groups were deposited on the surface of zirconia nanoparticles in order to improve their arrangement within the membrane matrix. Then, the structure and behavior of the nanocomposite membrane was compared with those of raw membrane. Methods: ZrO2, Zr-COOH and Zr-SO4 nanoparticles were added to the polysulfone (PSf) membrane substrate, and the effect of the surface, Structural and filtration properties of raw and nanocomposite membranes were compared in relation to their textile wastewater treatment performance. For this purpose, PZC, EDX, SEM, AFM, contact angle and porosity analysis as well as viscosity, flux recovery and dye rejection measurement were performed. Findings: The results of analyses showed that the presence of Zr-COOH nanoparticles led to greater finger pores, smaller size of the nanoparticles, and the presence of Zr-SO4 nanoparticles led to fewer finger pores, less porosity and larger nanoparticle size. The presence of the functional groups increased the number of nanoparticles in the skin layer of the membrane and improved the membrane surface properties. Analysis of variance obtained using RSM method for porosity and contact angle data showed that the most effective factor on porosity and contact angle is nanoparticles concentration. By increasing the concentration of ZrO2, Zr-COOH and Zr-SO4 nanoparticles from 0 to 2 wt%, the flux recovery was increased by 15, 25 and 45%.

Competition law is a newcomer to the legal system recently. A sound understanding of competition policy can provide us with sufficient bases to apply a fundamental and normative view of the issues of competition law. The difference in supervision and regulation determines how the market functions and in order to understand this difference one must understand competition policy. Competition policy may be based on governmental support for national production and industry or on a non-interventional and regulatory posture. Moreover, supervision, based on the principle of non-intervention in the market mechanism, is rooted in liberal ideas; however, regulation, whether as a rule or an exception, is based on the assertion that the market has been ineffective in attaining its goals. Therefore, the government will resort to interventions to regulate inefficiencies.  This paper aims to analyze Supervisory Authority in Implementing Competitive Policy by employing the description method. In this article the author tries to first delineate competition policy, its related requirements and imposed deviations to the market. Then, by defining the supervisory entity and clarifying its distinction from the regulatory institutions, the author considers the characteristics of an appropriate supervisory entity conducting a comparative study of this issue in Iran and the U.S.A. This form of Competition policy because of its applicable experiences which have been well described by recent scholarship is considered suitable for the native system.